Emanuel Swedenborg
Emanuel Swedenborg (1688–1772) was a Swedish theologian, philosopher, scientist, and mystic who’s best known for his elaborate spiritual visions and the theological works he produced in the second half of his life. He’s a fascinating figure because he transitioned from being a highly respected scientist and inventor to becoming one of the most prolific mystics of the 18th century.
Key Points About Swedenborg:
🧠 Early Career (Science & Engineering)
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Brilliant polymath: He worked in fields like astronomy, physics, chemistry, anatomy, and geology.
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Invented early versions of submarines and flying machines.
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Wrote The Principia (1734), where he tried to explain the creation of the universe using mechanical philosophy — sort of a forerunner to modern physics ideas.
🌌 Spiritual Awakening
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Around 1744, Swedenborg began having mystical dreams and visions.
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Claimed he could communicate directly with angels, spirits, and even Jesus.
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Said he traveled spiritually to Heaven and Hell and spoke with people who had died.
📜 Theological Works
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His most famous theological writings include:
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Heaven and Hell (1758)
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Divine Love and Wisdom
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Arcana Coelestia (a massive commentary on the Bible)
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He believed in correspondences — the idea that everything in the natural world reflects a spiritual counterpart.
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Taught that true Christianity had become corrupted and needed spiritual renewal.
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Denied traditional doctrines like the Trinity (as usually understood), salvation by faith alone, and eternal damnation.
🌍 Influence
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His ideas inspired the Swedenborgian Church (aka the New Church).
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Had a big impact on Romantic poets (e.g., Blake, Coleridge), transcendentalists (like Emerson), and even Carl Jung was influenced by his model of spiritual realms.