Hinduism

Definition:
Hinduism is one of the oldest and most diverse religions in the world, originating in the Indian subcontinent. It encompasses a wide range of belief systems, rituals, philosophies, and spiritual paths. It has no single founder, but evolved over millennia, rooted in the Vedas and Upanishads.

Core Characteristics:

Polytheism and Monism: Worship of many gods (Devas – e.g. Vishnu, Shiva, Lakshmi), yet belief in one supreme reality (Brahman)
Reincarnation and Karma: Actions affect one's future lives
Dharma: Ethical duty and individual purpose in life
Moksha: Liberation from the cycle of birth and death (Samsara)
Spiritual paths: Bhakti (devotion), Jnana (knowledge), Karma (action), Raja (meditation/yoga)

Sacred Texts:

Vedas: The oldest scriptures, foundation of ritual and chant
Upanishads: Philosophical texts on the self and reality
Bhagavad Gita: Core text on duty, wisdom, and devotion
Ramayana and Mahabharata: Epic stories with mythological and moral teachings

Practice & Society:

Temple worship, festivals, meditation, yoga, daily offerings to deities
Pilgrimages to holy sites (e.g. Varanasi, the Ganges, Rishikesh)
Caste system: once dominant, now legally restricted but still socially present